1-22-2017
Response To: “Are
citations, applicable to the professional field of intelligence studies and
communications-in a working environment?”
A lot of this has to do
with what phase of intelligence you’re working within. In my field, we
process, exploit, and disseminate information. Basically, this means we
collect it, say what is happening, and push it out to the customer. There
is very little actual analysis occurring at this stage, however even a site
that focuses on analysis is not overly concerned with citing sources. The
main concern is accurate classification markings taken from the source
document, not who the author was. -Timothy Wilde
The field of intelligence
studies, exists, because countries need to know, what is happening both: domestically,
and internationally-to stay, as safe as possible. Terrorists, operate and
communicate, in a cell-format. Interactions, and communications between
terrorists-can be traced. Communications, from one terror cell, to the next,
are important, because, the communications always lead-to more terrorists, who
must be prosecuted: “to, the fullest extent of the law.”
Citations-when writing a research paper,
presuming, that the author has provided the correct information, and, provides
enough information-about the writer, that, more information about the
author-can be easily located. When someone is engaged, in illegal
activities-any kind of terrorism at all-what is of interest, about that
individual, is far more, than just their name. A simple background check-even
before social connections are explored, through information available publicly,
on social networking websites, etc.-opens up, additional, and valuable,
intelligence information, for America.
There are at least four
reasons to cite your sources:
1) To
give credit;
2) To
assure readers about the accuracy of your facts;
3) To
show readers the research tradition that informs your work;
4) To
help readers follow or extend your work. (Turabian 2016, 135-136)
Citations, provide a
reader, with verification, about who the author is, any given information is a
resource. Citations-also allow a reader, to verify-if, the resource is:
reliable, relatively new information, from an American source or overseas, etc.
To say, that intelligence information, is collected, and them dispersed-to a
great many, in a US intelligence network, with little or no cares/concerns,
about who or what, the original resource was-is, some of the most:
irresponsible, and frightening information-that, I have ever heard!
In professional academic writing, there
are certain situations, that legally require, a specific citation-to provide
full attribution, and-for very good reasons (Turabian 2016, 136):
1) When
you quote words exactly for a source;
2) When
you paraphrase ideas;
3) When
you use any idea, data, or method attributable to any source you consulted.
(Turabian 2016, 136)
It sounds, scary to me, for
the US government, to encourage and permit, the sharing of undocumented
intelligence information, among our US network, of professional intelligence
officers. In regards, to the collection of: OSINT, my classroom text book
indicates, that: OSINT-like any other field, of INT, is subject to the legal
restrictions, of current US law-specifically stated:
Like any INT, OSINT is
subject to legal, regulatory, and policy restrictions. OSINT professionals,
whether within IC, law enforcement, or the private sector, must abide by these
restrictions in order to conduct lawful OSINT exploitation that protects the
civil rights and civil liberties of US persons. (Clark and Lowenthal 2016, 11)
In regards to US law, and
references, and citations-and legally required attributions-in general, to the
original source: “even if a copy right is not indicated- full attribution, is
required, when- referring to, any-and-all pieces, of original writings, and
communications. The following, is the full definition, of: US copyright law-as
specifically stated, by the US government, regarding: “intellectual property:”
Copyright is a form of
protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U. S. Code) to
the authors of “original works of authorship,” including literary, dramatic,
musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. This protection is
available to both published and unpublished works. Section 106 of the 1976
Copyright Act generally gives the owner of copyright the exclusive right to do
and to authorize others. . . (US Copyright Office 2012, 1)
It makes me too
uncomfortable, when our US government, refuses to abide by, US laws-I begin to
worry, that, there may be, domestic terrorists, who have managed to obtain US
citizenship-everywhere now.
However, I should not be surprised,
when the US FBI and CIA-refuse crime tips: by phone, by email, by fax, and
online-to find out, that, they are collecting, copious amounts of:
“intelligence information,” and, they have not a single care in the world,
about where any of that information has originated. Honestly, I fear-that, if I
knew more about US and US intelligence, as it is run by the government, that, I
would only be more scared. US FBI and CIA, do nothing at all-as far as I can
tell, to keep the US, or myself safe. Citations really matter.
References
Clark, Robert M., and Lowenthal, Mark M.
2016. The 5 Disciplines
of Intelligence Collection. CQ Press an
Imprint of SAGE Publications, Inc.
Turabian, Kate L. 2013. A Manual for Writers of Research
Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for
Students & Researchers. 8th ed. The University of Chicago Press.
US Copyright Office. 2012. Copyright
Basics. US Library of
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